Iintlobo ezisi-7 ze-Excavators

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Inkcazelo emfutshane:

1.Crawler Excavators,2.
3.Dragline Excavators,4.Suction Excavators,
I-5.I-Skid Steer Excavators, i-6.I-Excavators yokufikelela ixesha elide,
7.Mini Excavators.

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Iindidi ze-excavators nganye ineempawu zayo kunye nokusetyenziswa kwayo:

I-Crawler Excavators: Ekwaziwa ngokuba ngama-excavators asemgangathweni, ezi ziqhele ukusetyenziselwa ubuninzi bemisebenzi yokwemba.Baxhotyiswe ngeengoma endaweni yamavili, ebanika uzinzo olugqwesileyo kunye nokulinganisela kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo.Ngombulelo kwiindlela, zifaneleke kakuhle ukusebenza kumhlaba ongalinganiyo okanye othambileyo, njengodaka okanye umhlaba oyisanti.Ngokuqhelekileyo zisetyenziselwa ukugrumba, ukuthunga, ukushukuma komhlaba, kunye nokuphakamisa ubunzima.

I-Wheeled Excavators: Xa kuthelekiswa ne-excavators ye-crawler, i-excavators enamavili inokuhamba okungcono kwaye ifanelekile kwiindawo ezinzima kunye neendawo zasedolophini.Ziyakwazi ukuhamba ngokukhawuleza ezindleleni, zizenze zilungele iimeko apho indawo yokusebenza ihlala itshintsha.

I-Dragline Excavators: Olu hlobo lwe-excavator luqhele ukusetyenziselwa imisebenzi emikhulu yokwemba, efana nokumbiwa komhlaba kunye nokwembiwa komngxuma onzulu.I-excavators ye-dragline ine-emele enkulu exhonywe ngeentambo kwaye isetyenziselwa "ukudonsa" imathiriyeli.Zifaneleke ngokukodwa ukumba umgama omde kunye nokuhambisa umthamo omkhulu wezinto eziphathekayo.

I-Suction Excavators: Ekwaziwa njenge-vacuum excavators, ezi zisebenzisa i-high-pressure suction ukususa inkunkuma kunye nomhlaba emhlabeni.Zihlala zisetyenziselwa ukucoca umhlaba xa kufakwa izixhobo eziphantsi komhlaba ukuthintela ukonakalisa iziseko ezingundoqo ezikhoyo.

I-Skid Steer Excavators: Ezi zigrumbi zincinci ziguquguquka kakhulu kwaye zinokusebenza kwiindawo ezixineneyo.Uyilo lwabo luvumela utshintsho oluqhotyoshelweyo olukhawulezayo, olufana neebhakethi, ihamile, imitshayelo, njl., ezifanelekileyo kwimisebenzi eyahlukeneyo efana nokuchithwa, ukuxuba umhlaba kunye nokucoca.

I-Excavators yokufikelela ixesha elide: Ngengalo eyongeziweyo kunye ne-emele, zifanelekile kwiindawo apho izixhobo eziqhelekileyo zokomba azikwazi ukufikelela kuzo.Ngokuqhelekileyo zisetyenziselwa ukudiliza izakhiwo, ukucoca iindlela zamanzi, kunye nezinye iimeko ezifuna ukusebenza umgama omde.

I-Mini Excavators: I-Mini excavators incinci ngobukhulu kwaye ifaneleke kakhulu ukusebenza kwiindawo ezivaliweyo, ezifana neendawo zasedolophini okanye iindawo ezimxinwa.Nangona ubukhulu bawo buncinci xa kuthelekiswa nabembi bemigodi abakhulu, bahlala benamandla kwaye besebenza kwaye bahlala besetyenziselwa iiprojekthi zokwemba ezincinci kunye nomsebenzi wokulungisa umhlaba.

Ezi ntlobo ze-excavators ziyilwe ngokweemfuno ezithile zomsebenzi kwaye zidlala indima ebalulekileyo kwiiprojekthi zegadi ezincinci ukuya kwiiprojekthi ezinkulu zokwakha.

1. I-Crawler Excavators

Uphawu oluPhambili: i-chassis efana netanki enenkqubo yokulandelela umxokelelwane Ukusetyenziswa: imigodi, ukugrumba imisele, ukuhlelwa kwendawo

Ngokungafaniyo nabanye abagrumbi abakhulu abahamba ngamavili, abakhasi babaleka kwiingoma ezimbini ezinkulu ezingapheliyo kwaye bafanelekele imisebenzi yemigodi kunye nemisebenzi enzima yokwakha.Abakwabizwa ngokuba zii-compact excavators, aba bagrumbi basebenzisa iindlela zamandla okwenziwa ngoxinzelelo lwendalo olwenziwa ngamanzi ukunyusa inkunkuma enzima kunye nomhlaba.

Inkqubo yabo yamavili etsheyini ibavumela ukuba batyibilike ezantsi kwaye balinganise iinduli ngomngcipheko omncinci, okubenza bafanelekele ukubeka iindawo ezineenduli kunye nokujonga umhlaba ongalinganiyo.Ngelixa becotha kunabanye abembi, abakhasi babonelela ngolungelelwaniso olukhulu, ukuguquguquka kunye nokuzinza ngokubanzi.

IiPros:Ukubonelela ngolungelelwaniso olukhulu kunye nokuzinza kumhlaba ongalinganiyo

Ububi:Icotha kunabanye abembi

2. I-Wheeled Excavators

I-Keay Feature: amavili anezikhuseli ozikhethelayo zozinzo;Usetyenziso: umsebenzi wendlela kunye neeprojekthi zokomba ezidolophini

I-excavators enamavili iyafana ngobungakanani kunye nenkangeleko kubakhasi kodwa ibaleka ngamavili endaweni yeengoma.Ukutshintsha iingoma ngamavili kuzenza zikhawuleze kwaye kube lula ukuziqhuba kwikhonkrithi, iasphalt kunye neminye imiphezulu ethe tyaba ngelixa zisanikezela amandla afanayo.

Ngenxa yokuba amavili anika uzinzo oluncinci kumhlaba ongalinganiyo kuneengoma, abenzi bokugrumba abanamavili baqhele ukusetyenziselwa umsebenzi wendlela kunye neeprojekthi zasedolophini.Nangona kunjalo, abaqhubi banokongeza i-outriggers ukwandisa ukuzinza xa ukuguqulwa phakathi kwe-asphalt okanye ikhonkrithi kunye nomhlaba ongalinganiyo.

IiPros:Ukukhawuleza kwaye kulula ukuhamba kwindawo ethe tyaba

Ububi:Ukusebenza kakubi kumhlaba ongalinganiyo

3. I-Excavators yokutsala

Uphawu oluphambili: intambo eyodwa yokunyusela kunye nenkqubo yokutsala Ukusetyenziswa: iinketho zangaphantsi kwamanzi, ukugrumba kwendlela, ukuqhuba imfumba

I-excavator ye-dragline yi-excavator enkulu esebenza ngenkqubo eyahlukileyo.Isixhobo sisebenzisa inkqubo yentambo yokunyusela encamathela kwi-emele nge-hoist coupler.Elinye icala le-emele lincanyathiselwe kumgca wokutsala osuka emele ukuya ekhebhini.Intambo yokunyusa iphakamisa kwaye yehlise ibhakethi ngelixa umgca wokutsala utsalela ibhakethi kumqhubi.

Ngenxa yobunzima bazo, ii-draglines zihlala zidityaniswa kwisiza.Inkqubo ekhethekileyo yolu hlobo lwe-excavator idla ngokusetyenziswa kwiiprojekthi ezinkulu zobunjineli boluntu ezifana nokoyika umjelo.

IiPros:Inkqubo yokutsala ilungele ukugrumba ngaphantsi kwamanzi kunye nokoyika umjelo

Ububi:Ubunzima kunye nobukhulu buyenza ingasebenzi imisebenzi emincinci

4. I-Suction Excavators

Uphawu oluphambili: isithuthi esinamavili esine-vacuum ephezulu yoxinzelelo kunye neejethi zamanzi;Ukusetyenziswa: izicelo eziphantsi komhlaba, iiprojekthi zokumba ezithambileyo, ukucocwa kobutyobo

Ikwaziwa ngokuba zii-vacuum excavators, ii-excavators ezifunxayo zinemibhobho yokufunxa ekwaziyo ukubonelela ukuya kuma-400 wamandla eehashe.Umembi kuqala akhuphe ijethi yamanzi ukuze akhulule umhlaba.

Umbhobho, onamazinyo abukhali emphethweni, emva koko udala i-vacuum ethwala umhlaba kunye nobutyobo ukuya kwiikhilomitha ezingama-200 ngeyure.

I-excavator efunxayo ifanelekile kwimisebenzi ecekethekileyo ephantsi komhlaba, njengoko inokunciphisa amathuba omonakalo ngaphezu kwama-50 ekhulwini.

IiPros:Ukuchaneka okongeziweyo kunciphisa umonakalo ngexesha lemisebenzi ebuthathaka

Ububi:Imibhobho yokufunxa emxinwa ayinakwenzeka kwizicelo ezinkulu

5. I-Skid Steer Excavators

Uphawu oluPhambili: isithuthi esinamavili esinebhomu kunye neebhasikithi ezijoliswe kude kumqhubi;Ukusetyenziswa: iiprojekthi zokuhlala, ukususa okuthe saa okanye ukufumba inkunkuma

Ngokungafaniyo ne-excavators eqhelekileyo, i-skid steers ine-booms kunye neebhakethi ezijonge kude nomqhubi.Oku kuziqhelanisa kuvumela ukuba izincamatheliso zifikelele phezu kwekhebhu endaweni yokuyijikeleza, nto leyo eyenza ukuba aba bagrumbi babe luncedo kwiindawo ezimxinwa kakhulu kwaye baqhube amajiko akhohlisayo.

Zihlala zisetyenziselwa ukumba amachibi, ukucocwa kwesiza, umsebenzi wendawo yokuhlala kunye nokususwa kwenkunkuma, apho indawo incinci kwaye izinto zisasazwa kude.

IiPros:Kulula ukuyilawula kwiindawo ezixineneyo nezimxinwa

Ububi:Sukudlala kakuhle kwindawo engalinganiyo okanye emtyibilizi

6. Ukufikelela ixesha elide Excavators

Uphawu oluphambili: Ingalo eyongezelelweyo ye-40-to-100-foot enezihlomelo;Ukusetyenziswa: ukudilizwa kwamashishini, iiprojekthi ezinzima zokumba

Njengoko igama layo libonisa, i-excavator yokufikelela ixesha elide inengalo emide kunye namacandelo e-boom.Uyilo luvumela ukusebenza okungcono kwiindawo ezinzima ukufikelela kuzo.Ingalo ye-excavator ye-excavator inokufikelela ngaphezu kwe-100 yeenyawo ngokuthe tye.

Ezi zigrumba zezona zisetyenziswa kakuhle kwiiprojekthi zokudiliza ezifana nokudilika kwesakhiwo kunye nokudiliza iindonga phezu kwamanzi amaninzi.Ukuqhotyoshelwa okuhlukeneyo kunokugxunyekwa kwingalo ukwenza imisebenzi eyongezelelweyo efana nokucheba, ukutyumza kunye nokusika.

IiPros:I-boom ende ilungele iindawo ekunzima ukufikelela kuzo kunye neeprojekthi zokudiliza

Ububi:Kunzima ukusebenzisa kwiindawo ezixineneyo

7. Mini Excavators

Uphawu oluPhambili: ifom ehlangeneyo ekwaziyo ukujinga umsila;Usebenzisa: indawo ebuthathaka kunye neendawo ezimxinwa zemisebenzi ezinemiqobo

Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, iikontraka ezininzi zisebenzisa oovimba abancinci, inguqulelo encinci kunye nekhaphukhaphu ye-excavator eqhelekileyo ekwaziyo ukunciphisa umonakalo osemhlabeni kwaye ingene kwiindawo ezixineneyo, ezimxinwa njengeendawo zokupaka kunye neendawo zangaphakathi.Kwaziwa ngokuba zii-compact excavators, ii-mini excavators ngokuqhelekileyo ziquka ukujinga komsila okuncitshisiweyo okanye i-zero-swing-tail-swing ukuguqula ukujika okuqina kunye nokunqanda ukudibana nayo nayiphi na imiqobo.

Ngaphambili: Bulldozer Track Adjuster Assy

Okulandelayo: KOMATSU Dozer D65EX-12 iiNdawo ezingaphantsi kweekhareji