Phantse abantu abangama-8,000 kuye kwabikwa ukuba babulewe kwaye amashumi amawaka abanye benzakala ngenxa yenyikima etshabalalisayo eyenze iTurkey neSyria ngoMvulo.
Amawakawaka ezakhiwo eziwileyo kwezi zizwe zimbini kwaye iiarhente zoncedo zilumkisa ngeziphumo “eziyintlekele” kumantla ntshona eSyria, apho izigidi zabantu abasesichengeni kunye nabafudukayo bebesele bexhomekeke kwinkxaso yoluntu.
Iinzame ezinkulu zokuhlangula ziyaqhubeka kunye noluntu lwehlabathi olunikezela ngoncedo kwimisebenzi yokukhangela nokubuyisela.Ngeli xesha ii-arhente zilumkise ukuba abantu ababhubhileyo kule ntlekele banokunyuka kakhulu.
Nantsi into esiyaziyo ngenyikima nokuba kutheni ibulele kangaka.
Yabetha phi inyikima?
Enye yeenyikima ezinamandla kakhulu ukubetha ummandla kwinkulungwane yanyakamisa abahlali ukusuka ekulaleni kwabo ekuseni ngoMvulo malunga ne-4 am Inyikima yabetha iikhilomitha ezingama-23 (iikhilomitha eziyi-14.2) kwimpuma yeNurdagi, kwiphondo laseGaziantep laseTurkey, kubunzulu be Iikhilomitha ezingama-24.1 (iikhilomitha ezili-14.9), i-United States Geological Survey (USGS) yathi.
Uthotho lweenyikima zaphinda zaquqa kulo mmandla kwiiyure ezikhawulezayo emva kwesehlo sokuqala.Ubukhulu be-6.7 emva kwenyikima emva kwemizuzu eyi-11 emva kwenyikima yokuqala, kodwa i-temblor enkulu, eyayilinganisa i-7.5 ngobukhulu, yabetha malunga neeyure ezisithoba emva kwe-1: 24 pm, ngokutsho kwe-USGS.
Loo nyikima inesi-7.5 magnitude, eyabetha kumgama oziikhilomitha ezingama-95 (iikhilomitha ezingama-59) kumntla wenyikima yokuqala, yeyona inamandla ngaphezu kwe-100 esele irekhodiwe ukuza kuthi ga ngoku.
Abahlanguli ngoku babaleka ngokuchasene nexesha kunye nezinto zokutsala abasindileyo ukuba baphume phantsi kobutyobo kumacala omabini omda.Izakhiwo ezingaphezu kwama-5,700 eTurkey ziye zawa, ngokutsho kwe-arhente yeentlekele yelizwe.
Inyikima yangoMvulo yayiyeyona nto inamandla kakhulu iTurkey eye yadibana nayo kwinkulungwane edlulileyo-inyikima ye-7.8 yabetha empuma yelizwe ngo-1939, eyakhokelela ekufeni kwabantu abangaphezu kwama-30,000, ngokutsho kwe-USGS.
Kutheni kusenzeka iinyikima?
Iinyikima zenzeka kuwo onke amazwekazi ehlabathi-ukusuka kwezona ntaba ziphakamileyo kwiiNtaba ze-Himalaya ukuya kwezona ntlambo zisezantsi, njengoLwandle oluFileyo, ukuya kwezona ndawo zibandayo zase-Antarctica.Nangona kunjalo, ukusasazwa kwezi nyikima akunto nje yamabona-ndenzile.
I-USGS ichaza inyikima “njengokushukuma komhlaba okubangelwa kukutyibilika ngequbuliso kwimpazamo.Uxinezeleko olukumaleko ongaphandle omhlaba lutyhala amacala empazamo kunye.Uxinezeleko luyakhula aze amatye atyibilike ngequbuliso, ekhupha amandla kumaza ahamba emhlabeni aze abangele ukushukuma esikuvayo ebudeni benyikima.”
Iinyikima zilinganiswa kusetyenziswa iiseismographs, ezibeka iliso kumaza enyikima ahamba eMhlabeni emva kwenyikima.
Abaninzi banokuqonda igama elithi "Richter Scale" apho oosonzululwazi bebesebenzisa iminyaka emininzi, kodwa kwezi ntsuku ngokubanzi balandela i-Modified Mercalli Intensity Scale (MMI), engumlinganiselo ochanekileyo wobukhulu benyikima, ngokutsho kwe-USGS.
Zilinganiswa njani iinyikima
Kutheni le nto yayibulala kangaka?
Ziliqela izinto eziye zanegalelo ekwenzeni le nyikima ibulale kangaka.Enye yazo lixesha losuku eyenzeka ngalo.Njengoko inyikima ibethe kwangentseni, abantu abaninzi bebesebhedini zabo ngethuba isenzeka, kwaye ngoku bavaleleke phantsi kwamabhodlo amakhaya abo.
Ukongezelela, ngenkqubo yemozulu ebandayo kunye nemanzi ehamba kummandla, iimeko ezimbi zenze iinzame zokuhlangula kunye nokubuyisela kumacala omabini omda kunzima kakhulu.
Amaqondo obushushu sele ephantsi ngokukrakra, kodwa ngoLwesithathu kulindeleke ukuba ehle amaqondo amaninzi ngaphantsi kweqanda.
Indawo yoxinzelelo oluphantsi okwangoku ijinga phezu kweTurkey neSyria.Njengoko iqhubeka, oku kuya kuzisa "umoya obandayo kakhulu" ukusuka kumbindi weTurkey, ngokutsho kwesazi ngemozulu seCNN uBritley Ritz.
Kuqikelelwa ukuba i-4 degrees Celsius (24.8 degrees Fahrenheit) eGaziantep kunye ne-2 degrees e-Aleppo kusasa ngoLwesithathu.NgoLwesine, uqikelelo luwela ngakumbi ukuya kwi--6 degrees kunye ne-4 degrees ngokulandelelana.
Iimeko sele zenze ukuba kube nzima ukuba amaqela oncedo afikelele kwindawo echaphazelekayo, uMphathiswa wezeMpilo waseTurkey uFahrettin Koca uthe, wongezelela ukuba ii-helicopter azikwazanga ukuhamba ngoMvulo ngenxa yemozulu embi.
Ngaphandle kweemeko, amagosa acele abahlali ukuba bashiye izakhiwo ukuze bakhuseleke ngenxa yeenkxalabo zokongezeleka kwenyikima.
Ngomonakalo ongaka kuwo omabini la mazwe, abaninzi baqala ukubuza imibuzo malunga nendima enokuthi idlalwe iziseko zophuhliso lwasekhaya kule ntlekele.
Injineli yezakhiwo ze-USGS uKishor Jaiswal uxelele i-CNN ngoLwesibini ukuba iTurkey ikhe yafumana iinyikima ezinkulu kwixesha elidlulileyo, kubandakanya nenyikima ngo-1999.yabetha kumzantsi-ntshona weTurkeyyaza yabulala abantu abangaphezu kwe-14,000.
U-Jaiswal uthe iindawo ezininzi zaseTurkey zichongwe njengeendawo eziyingozi kakhulu ze-seismic kwaye, ngoko ke, imimiselo yokwakha kummandla ithetha ukuba iiprojekthi zokwakha kufuneka zimelane nolu hlobo lweziganeko kwaye kwiimeko ezininzi ziphephe ukuwa kweentlekele - ukuba zenziwe ngokufanelekileyo.
Kodwa ayizizo zonke izakhiwo ezakhiwe ngokwemigangatho yangoku yaseTurkey, utshilo uJaiswal.Iintsilelo kuyilo kunye nolwakhiwo, ngakumbi kwizakhiwo ezindala, kuthetha ukuba izakhiwo ezininzi azikwazanga ukumelana nobunzima bomothuko.
“Ukuba awuziyilwanga ezi zinto ukuze zibe namandla enyikima abanokujongana nazo kubomi babo bokuyila, ezi zakhiwo zinokungasebenzi kakuhle,” utshilo uJaiswal.
UJaiswal ukwalumkise ngelithi uninzi lwezakhiwo ezishiywe zimile “zinokuba buthathaka kakhulu ngenxa yezi nyikima zimbini esele sizibonile.Kusekho ithuba elincinci lokubona inyikima eyomelele ngokwaneleyo ukuthoba ezo zakhiwo ziwohlokayo.Ke ngalo msebenzi wokothusayo, abantu kufuneka bathathele ingqalelo kakhulu ukufikelela kwezo zakhiwo zibuthathaka kule nzame zokuhlangula. ”
Ixesha lokuposa: Feb-08-2023