Iimpazamo eziqhelekileyo zee-bulldozers kunye neendlela zazo zokusombulula iingxaki

Njengezixhobo zokwakha iindlela zomhlaba, ii-bulldozer zinokonga izinto ezininzi kunye nabasebenzi, zikhawulezise ukwakhiwa kwendlela, kwaye zinciphise inkqubela phambili yeprojekthi. Kumsebenzi wemihla ngemihla, ii-bulldozer zinokufumana ukungasebenzi kakuhle ngenxa yokugcinwa okungafanelekanga okanye ukuguga kwezixhobo. Oku kulandelayo luhlalutyo oluneenkcukacha lwezizathu zokungaphumeleli:

1. I-Bulldozer ayiqalisi: Emva kokusetyenziswa okuqhelekileyo, ayizukuphinda iqalise kwaye akukho msi. I-starter isebenza ngokwesiqhelo, kwaye ekuqaleni kugwetywa ukuba isekethe yeoyile inesiphene. Xa ndisebenzisa ipompo yesandla ukupompa ioyile, ndifumanise ukuba ubungakanani beoyile epompelweyo banele, bekungekho moya kwindlela ohamba ngayo ioyile, kwaye ipompo yesandla ingasebenza ngokukhawuleza. Oku kubonisa ukuba unikezelo lweoyile luqhelekile, umgca weoyile awuvalwanga, kwaye akukho kuvuza komoya. Ukuba ngumatshini osandul' ukuthengwa, amathuba okuba ipompo yokufaka ipetroli ingasebenzi kakuhle (isitywino sentsimbi asivulwanga) mancinci kakhulu. Ekugqibeleni, xa ndibona i-cut-off lever, ndifumanise ukuba ayikho kwindawo eqhelekileyo. Emva kokuyijika ngesandla, yaqala ngokwesiqhelo. Kwafunyaniswa ukuba isiphene sikwi-solenoid valve. Emva kokutshintsha i-solenoid valve, injini yasebenza ngokwesiqhelo kwaye isiphene sasombululwa.
2. Ubunzima bokuqalisa i-bulldozer: Emva kokusetyenziswa okuqhelekileyo nokucima, i-bulldozer iqala kakubi kwaye ayikhuphi msi mkhulu. Xa usebenzisa ipompo yesandla ukupompa ioyile, ubungakanani beoyile epompelwayo abukhuphi mkhulu, kodwa akukho moya ohambayo kwi-oyile. Xa ipompo yesandla isebenza ngokukhawuleza, kuya kuveliswa i-vacuum enkulu, kwaye i-piston yepompo yeoyile iya kutsalela ngokuzenzekelayo. Kugwetywa ukuba akukho kuvuza komoya kwi-oyile, kodwa kubangelwa bukungcola okuvimba i-oyile. Izizathu zokuvaleka kwe-oyile zezi:

①Udonga olungaphakathi lwerabha lombhobho weoyile lunokwahlukana okanye luwe, nto leyo ebangela ukuvaleka kwentambo yeoyile. Ekubeni umatshini ungasetyenziswanga ixesha elide, amathuba okuguga mancinci kwaye anokuthintelwa okwethutyana.

②Ukuba itanki yepetroli ayicocwanga ixesha elide okanye kusetyenziswa idizili engacocekanga, ukungcola okukuyo kunokutsalwa kumgca weoyile kwaye kuqokelele kwiindawo ezimxinwa okanye kwiifilitha, nto leyo ebangela ukuvaleka komgca weoyile. Emva kokubuza umqhubi, sifumanise ukuba bekukho ukunqongophala kwedizili kwisiqingatha sesibini sonyaka, kwaye idizili engeyiyo esemgangathweni ibisetyenziswa ixesha elithile, kwaye isihluzo sedizili asikaze sicocwe. Kurhanelwa ukuba ingxaki ikweli candelo. Susa isihluzo. Ukuba isihluzo singcolile, tshintsha isihluzo. Kwangaxeshanye, jonga ukuba umgca weoyile uthambile na. Kwanasemva kwala manyathelo, umatshini awuqali kakuhle, ngoko ke oko akuvumelekanga.

③Umgca weoyile uvalwe yiwax okanye ngamanzi. Ngenxa yemozulu ebandayo ebusika, kwafunyaniswa ekuqaleni ukuba unobangela wokungasebenzi kakuhle yayikukuvaleka kwamanzi. Kuyaqondakala ukuba kusetyenziswe idizili ye-O# kwaye umhluzi wamanzi eoyile awuzange ukhuphe manzi. Ekubeni kungekho kuvaleka kwewax kumgca weoyile ngexesha lokuhlolwa kwangaphambili, ekugqibeleni kwafunyaniswa ukuba ingxaki ibangelwe kukuvaleka kwamanzi. Iplagi yokukhupha amanzi ikhululekile kwaye ukuhamba kwamanzi akugudi. Emva kokususa umhluzi wamanzi eoyile, ndifumene intsalela yomkhenkce ngaphakathi. Emva kokucoca, umatshini usebenza ngokuqhelekileyo kwaye ingxaki isonjululwe.

1. Ukungasebenzi kakuhle kombane weBulldozer: Emva kokusebenza ebusuku, umatshini awukwazi ukuqala kwaye i-starter motor ayikwazi ukujikeleza.

①Ukusilela kwebhetri. Ukuba i-starter motor ayijiki, ingxaki isenokuba yibhetri. Ukuba i-voltage yesiphelo sebhetri ilinganiswa ukuba ingaphantsi kwe-20V (kwibhetri ye-24V), ibhetri inempazamo. Emva konyango lwe-sulfation kunye nokutshaja, ibuyela kwisiqhelo.

②Iingcingo zikhululekile. Emva kokuyisebenzisa okwethutyana, ingxaki isekhona. Emva kokuthumela ibhetri ukuba ilungiswe, yabuyela esiqhelweni. Ngeli xesha ndicinge ukuba ibhetri ngokwayo intsha, ngoko ke bekungekho thuba lincinci lokuba ikhutshwe lula. Ndiqalise injini ndaza ndabona ukuba i-ammeter iyatshintshatshintsha. Ndijonge ijenereyitha ndaza ndafumanisa ukuba ayinayo i-voltage output ezinzileyo. Kukho amathuba amabini ngeli xesha: enye kukuba isekethe yokuvuselela inempazamo, enye kukuba ijenereyitha ngokwayo ayinakusebenza ngokuqhelekileyo. Emva kokujonga iingcingo, kwafunyaniswa ukuba uqhagamshelo oluninzi belukhululekile. Emva kokuziqinisa, ijenereyitha yabuyela esiqhelweni.

③Ukulayisha kakhulu. Emva kwexesha elithile lokusetyenziswa, ibhetri iqala ukukhupha kwakhona. Ekubeni impazamo efanayo yenzeka amaxesha amaninzi, isizathu kukuba oomatshini bokwakha bahlala besebenzisa inkqubo yocingo olunye (i-negative pole iyagutyungelwa). Inzuzo kukufakelwa kwentambo okulula kunye nokugcinwa okulula, kodwa ingxaki kukuba kulula ukutshisa izixhobo zombane.

1. Impendulo yokuqhuba ye-bulldozer icotha: ukujika kwicala lasekunene akunamvakalelo. Ngamanye amaxesha inokujika, ngamanye amaxesha isabela kancinci emva kokusebenzisa i-lever. Inkqubo ye-hydraulic yokuqhuba ikakhulu inesihluzo esirhabaxa 1, ipompo yokuqhuba 2, isihluzo esincinci 3, ivalvu yokulawula ukuqondisa 7, i-brake booster 9, ivalvu yokhuseleko, kunye ne-oyile cooler 5. Ioyile ye-hydraulic ekwi-steering clutch housing ifunxwa kwi-steering clutch. Ipompo yokuqhuba 2 idlula kwi-magnetic rough filter 1, ize ithunyelwe kwi-fine filter 3, ize ingene kwi-steering control valve 4, i-brake booster kunye ne-safety valve. Ioyile ye-hydraulic ekhutshwa yi-safety valve (uxinzelelo oluhlengahlengisiweyo yi-2MPa) ingena kwi-oil cooler bypass valve. Ukuba uxinzelelo lweoyile lwe-oil cooler bypass valve ludlula uxinzelelo olubekiweyo lwe-1.2MPa ngenxa yokuvaleka kwe-oyile cooler 5 okanye inkqubo yokuthambisa, ioyile ye-hydraulic iya kukhutshwa kwi-steering clutch housing. Xa i-steering lever itsalwa phakathi, ioyile ye-hydraulic engena kwi-steering control valve 7 ingena kwi-steering clutch. Xa i-steering lever itsalwa ezantsi, i-hydraulic oil iyaqhubeka nokugeleza kwi-steering clutch, nto leyo ebangela ukuba i-steering clutch iphume, kwaye kwangaxeshanye igeleza kwi-brake booster ukuze isebenze njenge-brake. Emva kohlalutyo, kucingelwa ukuba ingxaki yenzekile:

①I-clutch yokuqhuba ayinakwahlulwa ngokupheleleyo okanye ityibilike;

②Ibhuleki yokuqhuba ayisebenzi. 1. Izizathu zokuba i-clutch ingahlukaniswanga ngokupheleleyo okanye ingatyibiliki zezi: izinto zangaphandle ziquka uxinzelelo lweoyile olunganelanga olulawula i-clutch yokuqhuba. Umahluko woxinzelelo phakathi kwamazibuko B no-C awukhulu. Ekubeni kuphela i-steering yasekunene engenamvakalelo kwaye i-steering yasekhohlo iqhelekile, oko kuthetha ukuba uxinzelelo lweoyile lwanele, ngoko ke ingxaki ayinakuba kule ndawo. Izinto zangaphakathi ziquka ukusilela kwesakhiwo sangaphakathi se-clutch. Kwiimeko zangaphakathi, umatshini kufuneka uqhaqhwe kwaye uhlolwe, kodwa oku kuyinkimbinkimbi ngakumbi kwaye akuyi kuhlolwa okwangoku. 2. Izizathu zokungaphumeleli kwe-steering brake zezi:①Uxinzelelo lweoyile yebrake olunganelanga. Uxinzelelo olukwizibuko D kunye ne-E luyafana, nto leyo ethintela ukuba oku kungenzeka.②Ipleyiti yokungqubana iyatyibilika. Ekubeni umatshini ungasetyenziswanga ixesha elide, amathuba okuba ipleyiti yokungqubana iguge mancinci kakhulu.③I-braking stroke inkulu kakhulu. Qinisa nge-torque ye-90N·m, uze uyijike umva ijika nge-1 1/6. Emva kokuvavanya, ingxaki yokuqhuba ngasekunene okungaphenduliyo isonjululwe. Kwangaxeshanye, amathuba okuba i-clutch ingasebenzi kakuhle nawo akafumaneki. Isizathu sempazamo kukuba i-braking stroke inkulu kakhulu.